BOOK 2, CHAPTER 1The Causes of War: First, Defense of Self and PropertyI. What causes of war may be called justifiable.II. justifiable causes include defense, the obtaining of that which belongs to us or is our due, and the inflicting of punishment.III. War far the defense of life is permissible.IV. War in defense of life is permissible only against an actual assailant.V. War in defense of life is permissible only when the danger is immediate and certain, not when it is merely assumed.VI. Defense of limb against injury is also justifiable.VII. The defense of chastity is in the highest degree justifiable.VIII. Not to take advantage of the right of defense is permissible.IX. Defense is sometimes not permissible against a person useful to the state because at variance with the law of love.X. It is not permissible for Christians to kill in order to ward off a blow, or to avoid any indignity of like sort, or to prevent any escape.XI. By the law of nature it is permissible to kill in defense of property.XII. How far defense of property is permitted by the law of Moses.XIII. Whether, and under what limitations, it is permissible, according to the law of the Gospel, to kill in defense of property.XIV. Whether the civil law, in permitting that life he taken in self defense, confers a right, or merely freedom from punishment, is discussed, with a noting of distinctions.XV. When a single combat may be permissible.XVI. Concerning defense in public war.XVII. A public war is not admitted to be defensive which has as its only purpose to weaken the power of a neighbor.XVIII. A public war is not admitted to be defensive on the part of him who has himself given just cause for war.
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