| 
1. Puf. L. of N. b. 4. c. 10.
2. Ibid. b 4. c. 11.
3. Barbeyr. Puf. 4. 10. 4. Godolph. Orph. Leg. 1. 1.
4. Gen. c. 15.
5. Taylor's elem, civ. law. 517.
6. See pag. 12.
7. Selden. De fuce. Ebr. c. 24.
8. Gen. c. 48.
9. Plutarch. In vita Solon.
10. Pott. Antiq. 1. 4. c. 15.
11. Inst. 2. 22. 1.
12. Tacit, de mor. Germ. 21.
13. See pag. 13.
14. Sp. L. b. 27. c. 1. Vinnius in Inst. l. 2. tit. 10.
15. LL. Canut. C. 68.
16. l. 2. c. 5.
17. Bracton. l. 2. c. 26. Flet. L. 2. c. 57.
18. F. N. B. 122.
19. 9 Hen. III. c. 18.
20. A widow brought an action of detinue against her husband's executors, quod cum per consuetudinem totius regni Angliae hactenus usitatam et approbatam, uxores debent et solent a tempore, &c. habere suam rationabilem partem bonorum maritorum suorum: ita, videlicet, quod si nullos habuerint liberos, tune medietatem: et si habuerint, tunc tertiam partem, &c. [by the universal custom of England, hitherto used and approved, wives have a right and are accustomed from time, etc. to have a reasonable share of their husbands' goods, in the following proportion; that if they have no children, they shall take the half: and if they have children, then the third part, etc.]; and that her husband died worth 200,000 marks, without issue had between them; and thereupon she claimed the moiety. Some exceptions were taken to the pleadings, and the fact of the husband's dying without issue was denied; but the rule of law, as stated in the writ, seems to have been universally allowed. (M. 30 Edw. III. 25.) And a similar case occurs in H. 17 Edw. III. 9.
21. Reg. Brev. 142. Co. Litt. 176.
22. Law. 175.
23. 2 Inst. 33.
24. l. 2. c. 26. §. 2.
25. Dalrymp. Of feud. property. 145.
26. pag. 426.
27. 9 Rep. 38.
28. Ibid. 37.
29. §. 486.
30. Finch, Law. 173, 174.
31. Plowd. 277.
32. Plowd. 277.
33. l. 2. c. 57. §. 10.
34. in Decretal. l. 5. t. 3. c. 42.
35. The proportion given to the priest, and to other pious uses, was different in different counties. In the archdeaconry of Richmond in Yorkshire, this proportion was settled by a papal bull A. D. 1254. (Regist. Bonoris de Richm. 101.) and was observed till abolished by the statute 26 Hen. VIII. c. 15.
36. 13 Edw. I. c. 19.
37. 9 Rep. 39.
38. Godolph. Orph. Leg. P. 1. c. 7.
39. Godolph. p. 1. c. 8. Wentw. 212. 2 Vern. 104. 469. Gilb. Rep. 74.
40. Perkins. §. 503.
41. Co. Litt. 89.
42. Godolph. p. 1. c. 9.
43. Ff. 31. 1. 77.
44. 4 Rep. 51.
45. Dr & St. d. 1. c. 7.
46. Bro. Abr. tit devise. 34. Stra. 891.
47. The king v. di Bettesworth. T. 13 Geo. II. B. R.
48. Cro. Car. 376. 1 Mod. 211.
49. Ff. 28. 1. 6.
50. Ff. 39. 6. 25.
51. Co. Litt. 133.
52. Godolph. 1. 10.
53. Prec. Chan. 44.
54. 4 Rep. 60. 2 p. Wms. 624.
55. Plowd. 261.
56. Fitzh. Abr. t. descent. 16.
57. Godolph. p. 1. c. 12.
58. l. 7. c. 5.
59. Inst. 2. 10.
60. 1 last. 111. 322.
61. Ff. 28. 1. 1.
62. Godolph. p. 1. c. 1. §. 3.
63. Inst. 2. 10. 14.
64. Godolph. p. 1. c. 21. Gilb. Rep. 260.
65. Comyns. 452, 3, 4.
66. l. 2. c. 26.
67. Co. Litt. 112.
68. Litt. §. 168. Perk. 478.
69. Perk. 479.
70. 8 Rep. 82.
71. Flem. c. 19.
72. Lord Raym. 441. 1 p. Wms. 304.
73. See Book I. ch. 16.
74. Inst. 2. 18. 1.
75. West. Symb. p. 1. §. 635.
76. Went. Off. Ex. c. 18.
77. 1 Lutw. 342.
78. 2 P. Wms. 589, 590.
79. Wentw. c. 1. Plowd. 281.
80. 1 Roll. Abr. 907. Comb. 20.
81. l. 7. c. 6.
82. Cro. Car. 106. Stat. 29 Car. II. c. 3. 1 P. Wms. 381.
83. Salk. 36. Stra. 532.
84. Stat. 28 Hen. VIII. c. 5. See pag. 496.
85. Prec. Chanc. 593.
86. See pag. 203. 207. 224.
87. Godolph. p. 2. c. 24. §. 1. 2 Vern. 125.
88. In Germany there was long a dispute, whether a man's children should inherit his effects during the life of their grandfather; which depends (as we shall see hereafter) on the same principles as the granting of administrations. At last it was agreed at the diet of Arensberg, about the middle of the tenth century, that the point should be decided by combat. Accordingly, an equal number of champions being chosen on both sides, those of the children obtained the victory; and so the law was established in their favor, that the issue of a person deceased shall be entitled to his goods and chattels in preference to his parents. (Mod. Un. Hist. xxix. 28.)
89. Harris in Nov. 118. c. 2.
90. Prec. Chanc. 527. 1 P. Wms. 41.
91. Atk. 455.
92. 1 Ventr. 425.
93. Aleyn. 36. Styl. 74.
94. Salk. 38.
95. 1 Sid. 281. 1 Ventr. 219.
96. Plowd. 278.
97. Went. ch. 14.
98. 2 Inst. 398.
99. Salk. 37.
100. 3 P. Wms. 33.
101. Stat. 25 Edw. III. St. 5. c. 5. 1 Leon. 275.
102. Bro. Abr. tit. administrator. 7.
103. Styl. 225.
104. 1 Roll. Abr. 908. Godolph. p. 2. c. 30. Salk. 36.
105. Wentw. ch. 3.
106. Comyns. 151.
107. 5 Rep. 33, 34.
108. Wentw. ch. 14. Stat. 43 Eliz. c. 8.
109. Dyer. 166.
110. Bro. Abr. t. administrator. 8.
111. 5 Rep. 31.
112. 12 Mod. 471.
113. Dyer. 166.
114. 1 Chan Cas. 33.
115. 5 Rep. 30. Moor. 527.
116. 12 Mod. 441, 471.
117. Wentw. ch. 14.
118. Salk. 196. Godolph. p. 2. c. 26. §. 2.
119. Godolph. p. 1. c. 20. §. 4.
120. 4 Inst. 335.
121. Provine. l. 3. t. 13. c. item. V. centum. etc. statutum. V. laicis.
122. 4 Inst. 335. Godolph. p. 2. c. 22.
123. Plowd. 281.
124. can. 92.
125. Stat. 21. Hen. VIII. c. 5.
126. Co. Litt. 209.
127. Dyer. 23.
128. Atk. 460.
129. See pag. 244.
130. 1 And. 129.
131. Stat. 30. Car. II. c. 3.
132. Stat. 17 Geo. II. c. 38.
133. Stat. 9 Ann. c. 10.
134. 4 Rep. 60. Cro. Car. 363.
135. Wentw. ch. 12.
136. 1 Roll. Abr 927.
137. l. 2. c. 26.
138. l. 2. c. 57. §. 10.
139. 10 Mod. 496.
140. 5 Rep. 30.
141. Plowd. 184. Salk. 299.
142. Salk. 303. 1 Roll. Abr. 921.
143. Dyer. 32. 2 Leon. 60.
144. 2 Vern 434. 2 P. Wms. 25.
145. Co. Litt. 111. Aleyn. 39.
146. l. 2. c. 26.
147. 2 Vern. 11.
148. Ibid. 205.
149. Bract. l. 2. c. 26. Flet. l. 2. c. 57. §. 11.
150. Dyer. 59. 1 Equ. Cas. abr. 295.
151. Ff. 35. 1 1& 2.
152. 1 Equ. Cas. abr. 295.
153. 2 P. Wms. 601.
154. 2 P. Wms. 26, 27.
155. Prec. Chan. 269. 1 P. Wms. 406. 441. 3 P. Wms. 357.
156. Law of forfeit. 16.
157. Inst. 2. 7. 1. Ff. l. 39. t. 6.
158. There is a very complete donatio mortis causa, in the Odyssey b. 17. v. 78, made by Telemachus to his friend Piracus; and another by Hercules, in the Alcestes of Euripides, v. 1020.
159. Perkins. 525.
160. Prec. Chanc. 323. 1 P. Wms. 7. 544. 2 P. Wms. 338. 3 P. Wms. 43. 194. Stra. 559.
161. Godolph. p. 2. c. 32.
162. 1 Lev. 233. Cart. 125. 2 P. Wms. 447.
163. Stat. 29 Car. II. c. 3. §. 25.
164. Raym. 496. Lord Raym. 571.
165. pag. 504.
166. pag. 492.
167. 2 Inst. 33.
168. The general rule of such successions was this: 1. The children or lineal descendants in equal portions. 2. On failure of these, the parents or lineal ascendants, and with them the brethren or sisters of the whole blood; or, if the parents were dead, all the brethren and sisters, together with the representatives of a brother or sister deceased. 3. The next collateral relations in equal degree. 4. The husband or wife of the deceased. (Ff. 38. 15. 1. Nov. 118. c. 1, 2, 3, 127. c. 1.)
169. Sir Walter Walker. Lord Raym. 574.
170. Ff. 37. 6. 1.
171. See ch. 12. pag. 191.
172. See ch. 14. pag. 217.
173. Prec. Chanc. 54.
174. pag. 493.
175. Lord Raym. 1329.
176. 2 Burn. eccl. law. 746.
177. Ibid. 782.
178. 1 P. Wms. 341. Salk. 246.
179. 2 Show. 175.
180. 2 Preem. 85. 1 Vern. 133.
181. 2 Vern. 665. 3 P. Wms. 16.
182. 1 Vern. 15. 2 Chan. Rep. 252.
183. 2 Freem. 279. 1 Equ. Cas. abr. 155. 2 P. Wms. 526.
184. 2 P. Wms. 527.
185. 2 Vern. 558.
186. Prec. Chan. 537.
187. 2 Burn. 754.
188. Tacit. Annal. L. 12. c. 32.
189. Selden in Fletam. cap. 4. §. 3.